氫氧化鉀為白色粉末或片狀固體，具強(qiáng)堿性及腐蝕性。極易吸收空氣中水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀。溶于約0.6份熱水、0.9份冷水、3份乙醇、2.5份甘油。
Potassium hydroxide is a white powder or flake solid with strong alkalinity and corrosiveness. It is easy to absorb moisture in the air and deliquesce, and absorb carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. Dissolve in about 0.6 parts of hot water, 0.9 parts of cold water, 3 parts of ethanol and 2.5 parts of glycerin.
氫氧化鉀的作用
The role of potassium hydroxide
1、用作干燥劑、吸收劑，用于制草酸及各種鉀鹽，還用于電鍍、雕刻、石印術(shù)等。
1. It is used as desiccant, absorbent, oxalic acid and various potassium salts, electroplating, carving, lithography, etc.
2、主要用作鉀鹽生產(chǎn)的原料，如高錳酸鉀、碳酸鉀等。在醫(yī)藥工業(yè)中，用于生產(chǎn)鉀硼氫、安體舒通、沙肝醇、丙酸睪丸素等。在輕工業(yè)中用于生產(chǎn)鉀肥皂、堿性蓄電池、化妝品（如冷霜、雪花膏和洗發(fā)膏）。在染料工業(yè)中，用于生產(chǎn)還原染料，如還原藍(lán)RSN等。在電化學(xué)工業(yè)中，用于電鍍、雕刻等。在紡織工業(yè)中，用于印染、漂白和絲光，并大量用作制造人造纖維、聚酯纖維的主要原料。此外，還用于冶金加熱劑和皮革脫脂等方面。
2. It is mainly used as raw materials for potash production, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to produce potassium, boron, hydrogen, spironolactone, salbutamol, testosterone propionate, etc. In light industry, it is used to produce potassium soap, alkaline battery, cosmetics (such as cold cream, cream and shampoo). In dye industry, it is used to produce vat dyes, such as vat blue RSN, etc. In the electrochemical industry, it is used for electroplating, carving, etc. In the textile industry, it is used for printing and dyeing, bleaching and mercerizing, and is widely used as the main raw material for manufacturing man-made fiber and polyester fiber. In addition, it is also used in metallurgy heating agent and leather degreasing.
3、化工基本原料，用于醫(yī)藥、日用化工等。
3. Chemical basic raw materials, used in medicine, daily chemical industry, etc.
4、用作分析試劑、皂化試劑、二氧化碳和水分的吸收劑。
4. It is used as an absorbent of analytical reagent, saponification reagent, carbon dioxide and water.
5、日化工業(yè)用作制造洗污肥皂、洗頭軟皂、雪花膏、冷霜、洗發(fā)膏等的原料。制藥工業(yè)用于制造黃體酮、香蘭素等原料。染料工業(yè)用于制造三聚氰胺染料。電池工業(yè)用于制造堿性蓄電池。
5. The daily chemical industry is used as the raw material for making washing soap, shampoo soap, cream, cold cream, shampoo, etc. Pharmaceutical industry is used to manufacture raw materials such as progesterone and vanillin. The dye industry is used to make melamine dyes. The battery industry is used to make alkaline batteries.
氫氧化鉀對(duì)皮膚起什么作用
What effect does potassium hydroxide have on the skin
對(duì)組織有燒灼作用，可溶解蛋白質(zhì)，形成堿性變性蛋白質(zhì)。溶液或粉塵濺到皮膚上，尤其濺到黏膜，可產(chǎn)生軟痂。溶液濃度越高，溫度越高，作用越強(qiáng)。濺入眼內(nèi)，不僅可損傷角膜，而且能使眼部深組織損傷。
It has the function of cauterizing tissue, dissolving protein and forming basic denatured protein. Solution or dust splashed on the skin, especially on the mucous membrane, can produce soft scabs. The higher the solution concentration, the higher the temperature and the stronger the effect. Splashing into the eyes can not only damage the cornea, but also damage the deep tissues of the eyes.

最高容許濃度為0.5 mg/m。工作時(shí)應(yīng)防止觸及皮膚和眼睛，如不慎觸及時(shí)，可用流水洗滌受損部位，然后濕敷5%的醋酸、酒石酸、鹽酸或檸檬酸溶液；如濺人眼內(nèi)，應(yīng)用流水或生理鹽水仔細(xì)緩慢洗滌10～30 min，然后點(diǎn)入2%的奴佛卡因或0.5%的地卡因溶液。操作時(shí)應(yīng)穿由結(jié)實(shí)布制作的工作服，戴橡皮手套、袖套、圍裙，穿膠鞋等勞保用品，手上宜涂敷中性和疏水軟膏。
The maximum allowable concentration is 0.5 mg / m. When working, it should be prevented from touching the skin and eyes. If it is touched in time, the damaged part can be washed with running water, and then 5% acetic acid, tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid or citric acid solution can be wet applied. If it splashes into the eyes, it should be washed carefully and slowly with running water or normal saline for 10-30 min, and then 2% novocaine or 0.5% dicaine solution can be added. During operation, workers shall wear work clothes made of strong cloth, rubber gloves, sleeves, apron, rubber shoes and other labor protection appliances, and apply neutral and hydrophobic ointment on their hands.